By: Abdul every
Soindo (45) appear to seriously observe the child and his wife are nira churn water in a hot skillet on the stove with the fire up. Men who have since small jobs as brown sugar is the sugar palm tree as the rest of his life. Despite the air nira from sugar palm tree he can only get Rp 10 thousand per day.
Soindo representing 24-thousand residents who live Kabaena heredity of this work. Brown sugar is a product of their best in Southeast Sulawesi. So, not surprisingly, when Soindo and some other people Kabaena consider this work as a form of responsibility on the fathers of their own. "This is the inheritance from the ancestor of me," he said proudly.
Nira tree that grows in scattered Kabaena Island is one of the many natural resources (other than mines and fisheries) that grows in the spread of forests of 95,050 Ha terkelola but not well. Ulah human and natural factors also causes decreasing forest area in 1998 and recorded the rest of the 53,400 Ha.
"Even since 2003, protected forest Lengora - Kabaena declared critical," said Mani Ibrahim, head of BIP Hut Sultra.Penyebabnya natural factors, namely the living vegetation on the island is not easy to grow because it is a local entry in the volcanic line, so that the tree is not easy burly grow as a result of inadequate land and the land that summer eve.
Kabaena Island is an island area of 867.89 km2, the incoming administration in the area Bombana regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province (South East Sulawesi). Nikelnya mineral potential of 35,606 hectares and KM kromit stone (marble) 2,400 hectares.
Resources are already in the review by some experts with the envoys from several companies mine in Indonesia. According to WALHI, the company is already mengantongi permission from the government district Bombana, permission from the contract work, general investigation, exploration and exploitation permits on the stage, especially all the permits issued by the District government does not involve the community Bombana therein.
Behavior is a mirror of the attitude of the government district bombana no matter the fate of the local community and the interests of the island Kabaena, attitudes that ignore the rights of the community. They (the community) must know and must get involved in the processes of policy, especially that related to natural resources which will be on life berdamapak society itself. The Government does not consider the impact that will be incurred when companies exploit the mine.
According to the inventory data Tree Forestry (BIP HUT) Sultra year of 2000, total area of protected forest on the island is Kabaena 27. 496 hectares. In this forest, a variety of living plants and animals rare endimik typical Sultra. Among them are Anoa, Deer and birds are some typical Sulawesi.
But Kabaena still have mine nickel deposit which is located in the area of 35.606 hectares and stone kromit on 2400 hectares of area. The government and some citizens regard this as a deposit and the potential opportunities of living increase welfare. Energizer but mine is the environmental threat to small island Kabaena.
2000-an, the Government began to give broad consent of mine on the island is small. Potential of this mine diincar by 20 nickel mine operators who have put the government's permission District Bombana such as contract work permit, permission or a general permit exploration and exploitation. Head of Mining and Energy district Bombana, Ir. Kahar. MS said, the maximum government Bombana akan give permission manage mine 24. "But certainly not all will work, there are many conditions that we set," he said.
Now only 2,241 ha of which can be managed
Syahrul, Coordinator of the NGO Sagori Konsen in the affairs of the mine, the mine management permit from the Government of the District Bombana accident Bombana for residents. Since the beginning there is no clear dissemination of government to citizens and companies. In fact, according to government regulation no 75 of 2001 article 26, the company has power mengantongi mining permit must still pay dues and fees exploration and disseminating it to the local people.
"Residents should know their rights, including that they can be critical when the management of mine with the damage done," he said.
He assesses the provision of community development funds on the citizens Samasekali will never repair the damage that could have been there. Syahrul urged the government to provide a transparent commitment questioned if the residents on the companies that have contracts tambangnya end. "Need for our citizens to know and, as soon Kabaena what form and who will treat this island after the mine?"
Great ambition, Less Power
At this time, people around the PT. Indonesia Bily, are riotous concerning recruitment of local labor that is not balanced. Sodikun, HRD Manager said the company, approximately 82% of locals recruited as contract staff. Because resources are not the technical mining, most of the workers as they placed second.
Factor is then criticized NGOs Sagori. "This movement marginalisasi, how this might be appropriate? Are their main livelihood tersingkir because of the presence of mine? "Tukas Syahrul again.
"The government district lurahnya have to support the mining," said Jamal, head of the LPM villages. He said that, people actually have the courage to menghengkangkan companies that enter it, but they can not mengutarakannya in front of the management company. "People here mostly do not speak Indonesian clever. They also contend not clever, "said Jamal.
Sahrul rate, this is the factors that underlie the company concluded that they are received by the local community. The government should pay more this community. Organizing community groups in the blood is almost non-existent. So many natural resources that can not be managed well by the local community.
"Why the government did not encourage the management of existing?" Tanyanya. The average citizen has Kabaena jambut nuts (which is spread in the area of 16,040.70 Ha laha), and coconut trees on the land 12,467.00 Ha, Brown / cocoa area of 6750.00 Ha and Aren / enau of 4493.00 Ha. "Cultivation rumptu sea also not directed, the result is greater than the income they earn as mine," said Syahrul.
Alihi, seaweed farming village of origin Bungi Towea about the results of this marine grass plant never rises, even the losers are. Like other farmers seaweed, he only uses traditional means, there is no process of government and other parties. The broad issues because the average farmer seaweed terlilit debt on the wholesaler who bought their seaweed.
Why Must Tambang?
Mining business, which is known as extractive destruktif and since the business began to close the mine. Manage mineral akan forest Enable switch in large-scale and evidence in a number of provinces in Indonesia shows the number of environmental damage at the mine is done.
Siti Maemunah, Coordinator of Advocacy Network Tambang rate since the company began operating mines often make errors that intentional. For example, have no good faith to provide the correct information to the community about the possibilities long-term risk due to the operation of the companies activities. As experienced by the villagers Pongkalaero Kabaena district.
Society under the hill Bumbu Ntowulu meresahkan activity of PT. Bily Indonesia began to plow the land and villages nikelnya womb Lambale District Kabaena East. "They never socialization analysis of environmental impact," said Ashar, the local people.
"Who says? They have done so, "answered Ir. Kahar, head of Department of mining and energy Bombana District.
PT Bily is a company that operates since 2007 in Kabaena. Manage the area of 194 hectares and provide funds Rp 1,000 per ton on the benefits of the results as evidence of community development penyelesaikan. In May total community development fund that has been given to Rp 540,471,000, - the citizens. Socialization of funds is done through secarik paper ditempel in the wall shops, government buildings and other places are easily accessible to citizens.
"We are all discussing this," said Slamet Mujiono, Production Manager PT Bily. Community development is a duty performed in addition to PT Bily reclamation efforts. But their efforts are still never be able to answer, who will repair damage to the environment in the post-mine Kabaena.
Case mine-mine in Indonesia to teach one thing; carefully. Often the increase in local economic impact is not relevant to the cause. Siti Maemunah also said other things that need to disimak mining is small scale or large always need land and water in a wide number of lots. Therefore, the government is obliged to consider prior consent of mine made. "Many other sectors of the same potential and no damage can be done. For example, to make agriculture, fisheries and marine, "he said.
Mahendro, S. Hut, Section Head of Maintenance Program Central Regional River Flow (BPDAS) South East Sulawesi, the mine will cause the water catchment area together with the lost forest gundulnya. Large holes created during the process of exploration and exploitation will become a potential cause of the occurrence of landslides and erosion.
No less serious is the loss of the ability of forest area to support the social, economic and cultural communities around the forest. During this time, forest people evidently support the economy through the surrounding forest products such as fruits, honey, rattan, and building materials. In fact since the beginning of the residents have been living around the forest together. That is, if the forest is lost, then lost the support and function of forests for the community around.
The impact is, the management of small mines in the region will influence the damage which is difficult delayed. Advocacy Network Tambang (JATAM) Indonesia, recorded in 2001 ago to about 70 small islands have been submerged. Ulah is the main cause of man rather than the influence of global climate with a marked increase in sea surface temperature. Umunya, sinking a small island that is caused by dredging bukitnya.
Criticism of the district is Bombana discharge permit-manage mine without permission accompanied with the concept of spatial detail and the region. "We akui, this region do not have a spatial concept," said Ahmad Yani, vice chairman of Legislative District Bombana.
According to him, the government has a Bombana Kabaena areas as mining and DPRD not have the power to criticize this policy.
Small islands tend to issue large extent because of the size of not more than 10 thousand square kilometers. The ecology of the island separated parent, have a certain limit, and isolated from other habitat or population of less than 500 thousand inhabitants.
Kabaena also be at risk because the mine has the proportion of endemic species is high when compared with the island continent. Have a water catchment is relatively small, so most of the water and sediment in the water and lost in terms of culture, the people who inhabit this island has a culture that is different from the mainland and the island continent. Having the input of social, economic and technology to the island this will disrupt their cultural preservation.
What will happen when the mine Kabaena continue? While resources to support natural resources terbarukan will not diminish, not grow more potential on the other hand the population of the community and income from day kehari increasing.